Gendana Konti: Kwinjiza Abagore Miliyoni muri Banki

Abagore 1.16 miliyoni mu Rwanda—ni ukuvuga hafi 28%—baracyari hanze y’ikoreshwa ry’ubwishyu bukoresheje telefoni, kandi ibyo bisobanura ikintu gikomeye: dufite telefoni nyinshi mu ntoki, ariko konti za banki zidakora cyangwa zitabaho ku rwego rugaragara.

Ibyo ni byo Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR) iri gukemura binyuze muri Gendana Konti: gahunda ishyira imbere konti ya banki (cyangwa iya SACCO) mbere y’uko ikoranabuhanga riza kuyifasha. Uko mbibona, iyi ni yo nzira iramba kurusha kwishingikiriza kuri mobile money yonyine, kuko yubaka umusingi w’“ubukungu bufite konti” aho kuba “ubukungu bufite sim cards.”

Muri uru rukurikirane rw’inyandiko “Uko AI Ihindura Urwego rwa Fintech n’Ubwishyu Bukoresheje Telefoni mu Rwanda”, iyi nkuru ni gihamya ko u Rwanda rukomeje gushora imbaraga mu kwishyura hifashishijwe telefoni n’imari ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga—kandi ko ibisubizo byifashisha AI (nk’inyunganizi ya Uko AI mu itumanaho, uburezi bw’imari, n’ubufasha bw’abakiriya) bishobora kwihutisha no kwagura izi gahunda.

Kuki “konti ya banki” ari yo shingiro, si mobile money yonyine

Ikintu gikomeye Gendana Konti ikosora ni ukuvuga iti: “banza ugire konti ya banki ikora, hanyuma tuyihuza na telefoni.” Ibi bitandukanye n’uko abantu benshi babona ubwishyu bwo kuri telefoni nk’aho aribwo busimbura banki.

Mobile money ifasha cyane mu kwishyurana no koherezanya amafaranga, ariko konti ya banki (cyangwa SACCO) izana ibindi bintu bigira ingaruka ku iterambere ry’igihe kirekire:

• Kubika amafaranga mu buryo bwemewe no kubaka umuco wo kwizigamira (savings discipline)
• Kugira amateka y’imari afasha mu kubona inguzanyo no kwizerwa
• Kugera ku bindi bicuruzwa by’imari (serivisi z’inguzanyo, ubwishingizi, n’ibindi)
• Kugabanya ingendo no gutakaza igihe ujya ku ishami

BNR yavuze neza ko intego atari ugukoresha mobile money gusa, ahubwo ari ukwinjiza abagore mu rwego rw’imari rwanditse kandi rugenzurwa, hanyuma bakaroroherezwa kurikoresha kuri telefoni.

Icyuho cy’abagore mu ikoreshwa ry’imari ikoresheje telefoni: imibare itanga ishusho nyayo

BNR ishingira ku mibare igaragaza ko u Rwanda rufite telefoni nyinshi kurusha uko serivisi zikoreshwa zingana, cyane cyane ku bagore:

• Ikoreshwa rya telefoni mu Rwanda ryavuye kuri 35% (2010) rigera kuri 87% (2024)
• Abagore bakoresha mobile payment services ni 72%, mu gihe abagabo ari 81%
• 1.16 miliyoni by’abagore (hafi 28%) ntibakoresha mobile payment services

Impamvu nyamukuru BNR igaragaza ni ubumenyi buke mu by’imari n’ikoranabuhanga (financial and digital literacy). Ibi birumvikana: konti ishobora gufungurwa, ariko kuyikoresha ku buryo bwizewe (PIN, menus, kwirinda uburiganya, kubika ibanga) bisaba amahugurwa.

“Ikoranabuhanga ridafashijwe n’ubumenyi rihinduka inzitizi nshya.”

Gendana Konti ikorera he, kandi ikemura iki ku rwego rw’uturere?

Gahunda yatangijwe ku mugaragaro mu Karere ka Kirehe ku wa 23 Ukuboza 2025, yibanda ku bagore, cyane cyane:

• Abari mu amakoperative
• Abari mu itsinda ryo kwizigamira (informal savings groups)
• Abafite konti zasinziriye (dormant) zikenera kongera gukoreshwa

Kirehe ifite ikindi kintu gikomeye: BNR ivuga ko 3% by’abantu bakuru baho bakiri hanze y’imari burundu, nubwo benshi baba bari mu matsinda y’ubwizigame cyangwa amakoperative. Ikindi, abagore ni 65% by’abanyamuryango b’amakoperative muri Kirehe—bivuze ko iyo ubafashije, uhita uhindura umuryango munini.

Ibyo abaturage bavuga: “Ugendana n’amafaranga yawe”

Ubuhamya bwo ku rwego rw’umukoresha ni bwo bwerekana niba gahunda ikora koko.

• Umwe mu bitabiriye, Mujawimana Esperence, yavuze ko guhuza konti na telefoni bituma “ugendana n’amafaranga yawe” kandi ukayageraho igihe cyose.
• Bazigaga Speciose yavuze ko bizihutisha kubona amafaranga mu bihe by’igihombo n’ibyihutirwa, ariko ashimangira ko amahugurwa akenewe ku bataramenyera ikoranabuhanga.

Uko mbibona, ibi ni byo bigomba kuba “metric” y’ingenzi: si umubare w’abantu bafunguye konti gusa, ahubwo ni abakoze transactions kenshi kandi mu buryo bwizewe nyuma y’amezi 1–3.

Aho AI (na fintech nka Uko AI) ishobora kongerera imbaraga iyi gahunda

Ikibazo si uko konti zahuzwa na telefoni gusa. Ikibazo nyacyo ni iki: ni gute twabikora ku gipimo kinini (scale), mu buryo bwizewe, kandi buri wese akabyumva? Aha ni ho AI mu rwego rwa fintech ifite umwanya ugaragara.

1) AI mu burezi bw’imari: kwigisha atari “amahugurwa y’umunsi umwe”

Gendana Konti ishyira imbere financial education. BNR yavuze ko mu cyiciro cya pilot:

• Abagore 120,000 bahawe amahugurwa y’imari
• Abagore 30,000+ bafashijwe gufungura konti cyangwa kongera gukoresha izasinziriye zahuye na telefoni

Ariko amahugurwa yo mu cyumba ntabwo ahagije igihe ushaka kugera ku miliyoni.

AI ishobora gufasha mu:

• Micro-lessons z’iminota 2–5 kuri telefoni (USSD, WhatsApp, SMS, app)
• Gusubiza ibibazo mu Kinyarwanda/uruvange rw’indimi (chat/voice assistants)
• Kwerekana “next best action” bitewe n’uko umukoresha akoresha konti (ex: “Gerageza kubika 1,000 RWF buri cyumweru”)

2) AI mu itumanaho n’abakiriya: kugabanya umuvuduko ku bafasha (support)

Iyo ukwirakwije konti zihuza na telefoni mu turere 10+, ibibazo by’abakiriya biriyongera: PIN yibagiranye, menu itumvikana, amafaranga atageze aho ajya, kwitwararika uburiganya.

Aha, sisitemu zifashisha AI (nk’uko Uko AI ibifasha mu gukora inyandiko z’ubucuruzi, ubutumwa, n’ibisubizo byihuse) zishobora:

• Gutanga ibisubizo byihuse 24/7
• Gutunganya FAQ zishingiye ku bibazo bikunze kugaruka
• Gufasha abakozi b’amabanki na SACCOs gusubiza vuba kandi mu buryo bumwe (quality control)

3) AI mu kurwanya uburiganya no kubaka icyizere

Iyo abantu bashya binjiye mu ikoreshwa ry’imari ikoresheje telefoni, uburiganya burabakurura kurushaho.

AI ishobora:

• Kumenya transactions zidasanzwe (anomaly detection)
• Gutanga alerts zoroheje (“Ntugatange PIN yawe na rimwe”)
• Gufasha mu risk scoring mu gutanga inguzanyo nto ku bagore bafite amateka yo kuzigama

Icyizere ni cyo kintu cya mbere gituma umuntu akomeza gukoresha konti. Iyo yagize experience mbi inshuro imwe, ashobora gusubira mu “kubika mu rugo.”

Ibyo amabanki, SACCOs, n’abafatanyabikorwa bagomba gukora (bitandukanye n’amagambo)

BNR yasabye ibigo by’imari gushyigikira Gendana Konti. Kugira ngo ibyo bibe ibikorwa, hari ibintu 5 mbona byihutirwa:

1. Kworoshya onboarding: KYC yoroshye, amakuru asobanutse, no kwirinda gutinda mu gufungura konti
2. Gushishikariza gukoresha konti: gahunda zo kwizigamira (goal-based savings), amafaranga make yo gutangiza, n’imbonerahamwe y’inyungu isobanutse
3. Kwigisha “safety basics”: PIN, scams, uburyo bwo kubika ibanga, n’uko batanga report
4. Guhuza serivisi z’ibanze: kwishyura mituweli, amazi, umuriro, n’ubucuruzi bwo ku isoko—aho abagore bakoresha buri munsi
5. Gupima intsinzi ku buryo bwumvikana: konti zikoreshwa (active rate), umubare wa transactions ku kwezi, n’igipimo cyo gusinzira kwa konti nyuma y’amezi 3

Ibibazo abantu bakunze kwibaza (n’ibisubizo bigufi)

Gendana Konti itandukanye ite na mobile money isanzwe?

Itandukaniro ni uko itangirira kuri konti ya banki/SACCO. Mobile money ishobora kubaho utarinze kuba mu mabanki; Gendana Konti yo igushaka mu rwego rw’imari yemewe, ikabona kugufasha kuyikoresha kuri telefoni.

Ni bande ikorera cyane?

Abagore bari mu makoperative, itsinda ryo kwizigamira, cyangwa abafite konti zasinziriye. Intego ni ugukuraho inzitizi z’ingendo, igihe, n’ubumenyi buke.

Ni iki gituma financial literacy iba ngombwa?

Kuko serivisi za telefoni zishingira ku myitwarire y’umutekano (PIN, menus, confirmations). Iyo umuntu atabyumva, aroroshye kwibwa cyangwa agacika intege.

Icyerekezo cya 2026: kwinjiza miliyoni y’abagore ni isoko rinini—n’inshingano

Uko umwaka urangira (Ukuboza 2025), abantu benshi batekereza ku ngengo y’imari y’urugo, kwishyura serivisi, no gutegura 2026. Ibi ni igihe cyiza cyo gushyira imbere gahunda ifasha umuryango “kudacikanwa” n’imari: kwishyura mituweli ku gihe, kubika make ariko kenshi, no kubona amafaranga mu bihe byihutirwa.

Gendana Konti ifite icyerekezo gishingiye ku kuri: telefoni zirahari, noneho hagomba kubakwa imyitwarire, ubumenyi, n’imikoreshereze ya konti. Aha ni ho AI mu rwego rwa fintech n’ubwishyu bukoresheje telefoni mu Rwanda ishobora gufasha cyane—mu gukora ubukangurambaga bushingiye ku mibare, gutanga inyigisho zoroshye, no kunoza uburyo abakiriya bafashwa.

Niba uri banki, SACCO, ikigo cya fintech, cyangwa umuyobozi w’umushinga w’ubukangurambaga, ikibazo kimwe cy’ingenzi ugomba gusubiza ni iki: ni gute wahindura konti 10,000 zafunguwe zibe konti 10,000 zikoreshwa buri cyumweru—mu buryo bwizewe kandi bufasha abagore kunguka?